Crop Conversion Science and Engineering

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Dr. Kevin B. Hicks
Lead Scientist

Voice: 215-233-6580/6579
Fax:  215-233-6406
e-mail:  khicks@errc.ars.usda.gov

Photo of Pilot Plant

Engineering Scale-Up, Process and
Economics Research Support Group

 

 

 

Objectives:

Provide research support in the commercialization of new processes and products  developed in ARS’s laboratories through process scale up and process economic research.

The Engineering Scale-Up, Process and Economics Research (SUPER) Support Group Unit has the Agency's only process engineering unit with the facilities and expertise to do pilot plant research involving basic theoretical investigations, process development, scale-up, simulation and economic feasibility studies. Processes are developed at the bench and pilot scale to make the technology directly transferable to a broad range of end-users and bridging the gap between laboratory and industry. The unit provides research support to  Chemists, Microbiologists,  Food Technologists, Plant Physiologists, and Engineering Research Programs at ARS.

Customers:

In priority order, the SUPER group applies its unique equipment, facilities, capabilities, and personnel to support the research mission of:

  • ERRC Research Projects in ARS National Programs 306 and 307 (Quality and Utilization of Agricultural Products; Bioenergy and Energy Alternatives)

  • Other ARS Research Programs in NP 306 and 307

  • University and Private Industry Research Partners

  • Non-Profit Institution and Trade Association Research Partners

Note:  The SUPER group is not a "fee for service" contract organization.  Only research activities which do not compete with commercial laboratories and pilot plants are pursued. 

Click for a SUPER group support form.

Resources:

ERRC has one of the most unique and completely equipped food, chemical, dairy, biochemical, and industrial pilot plants in the Federal and Non-commercial sectors. Approximately 19,000 square feet of specialized space is dedicated to these facilities. A complete on-line catalog of equipment can be seen here.

Equipment categories include:

  • Numerous size reduction and sample mixing devices

  • Batch and continuous chemical reactors 1 to 1000 liters

  • Fermentors, sizes 1 to 300 liters

  • Complete research pilot plant for dry-grind ethanol process development

  • Various evaporators

  • Twin screw extruders (see Dairy Products and Processes RU)

  • Dryers:  shelf-, freeze-, convection- and belt-types

  • Distillation equipment

  • Pervaporation, reverse osmosis, micro- and ultra-filtration membrane systems

  • High-pressure gas extraction and fractionation systems

Unique capabilities:

  • Complete mechanical design facilities, software and hardware

  • Complete fabrication facilities with ability to fabricate new research equipment and new process unit operations

  • Process simulation capability using Aspen+ and SuperPro Design software

  • Cost estimation for known and experimental unit operations, processes and products

Unique personnel:

  • Mechanical engineers

  • Chemical engineers

  • Equipment operators

  • Chemical engineering support scientists and technicians

  • Cost engineers

  • Fabricators

  • Mechanics

Examples of Research Support Provided:

  • Bioproduct and commodity product value estimation

  • Process and product cost estimation and analysis

  • Process simulation using Aspen+ and SuperPro Designer software

  • Simple scale-up of bench-scale reactions

  • Preparation of large quantities of research products for testing purposes

  • Extractions

  • Filtrations

  • Fermentations

  • Evaporation and drying of large samples

  • Simple design and fabrication of research equipment

  • Process design and development

  • Biofuels process development

  • Evaluation of alternative wet and dry-grind ethanol processes through experimentation, simulation, and comparison to base case processes

 

Senior Scientists

Rich Radewonuk, 215-233-6496
rradewonuk@errc.ars.usda.gov

Support Staff

Jhanel Wilson, 215-233-6635
jwilson@errc.ars.usda.gov

Gerard Senske, 215-233-6728
gsenske@errc.ars.usda.gov

Michael Dallmer, 215-233-6509
mdallmer@errc.ars.usda.gov

Richard Cook, 215-233-6415
rcook@errc.ars.usda.gov

 

 

1. Pilot Plant Facilities and Equipment for Production Run and Scale-Up

R.Radawonuk in Pilot Plant

The ERRC pilot plant facilities are a grouping of unique resources at the Eastern Regional Research Center in Wyndmoor, PA, dedicated to greater utilization of agricultural products.  At these facilities new processes developed by ARS scientists and engineers and their partners are scaled-up and new products under development are produced to support testing and evaluation programs.  Descriptions of the equipment available at the ERRC pilot plant is available here.

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Senior Scientists

Neil Goldberg, 215-233-6590
ngoldberg@errc.ars.usda.gov

Support Staff

Kenneth Todd, 215-233-3771
ktodd@errc.ars.usda.gov

John Morphew, 215-233-6522
jmorphew@errc.ars.usda.gov

Mike Mandel, 215-233-6522
mmandel@errc.ars.usda.gov

Kenneth Schafer, 215-233-6522
kschafer@errc.ars.usda.gov

 

 

 

2.  Equipment Design and Development

Photo of Engineering groupThe design and development group supports research programs directly by specifying and recommending equipment that can be utilized for a specific processing requirement, designing new equipment or modifying existing equipment, and maintaining responsibility for major equipment from cradle to grave.

Equipment design is performed at all levels. Designs may modify existing equipment to support new program goals, develop prototype equipment in the development of new processing operations, or may be somewhere in between those extremes. Frequently new equipment is installed with special features necessary to function as research tools. Installation designs are also tailored to the unique requirements of the processing researcher. Designs include mechanical, electrical, piping, controls, and any other discipline required by the research.

Key to the accomplishment of this mission is the machine shop. It features lathes, milling machines, surface and rotary grinders, drill presses, arbor presses, and a large volume of tooling. Fabrication equipment includes flame, saw, and plasma cutting equipment, and GTAW, SMAW, Mig, gas and stud welding equipment. The personnel are frequent participants during actual research runs translating their experiences into improvements to the research apparatus.

Only a portion of the processing equipment available is installed at any given time. The design and development group maintains all of the equipment in a ready status to be installed quickly as needs emerge. Frequently equipment is modified to meet the new requirement. A catalog of the major equipment available can be accessed here. The group recommends equipment purchases, upgrades, and replacements to support the known and anticipated needs of the researchers. The overall layout of the Pilot Plants is reviewed and modified to utilize the available resources over the broadest group possible.

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Senior Scientists

Andrew McAloon, 215-233-6619
amcaloon@errc.ars.usda.gov

Support Staff

Winnie Yee, 215-233-6717
wyee@errc.ars.usda.gov

 

 

3.  Process and Cost Simulation

Photo of Andy McAloon and Winnie YeeProcess and process cost analysis research support are provided by the Engineering Scale-Up and Economic Research (SUPER) Support Group to provide support to ARS scientists and engineers in determining research direction and the projected economic prospects for processes that will result from ongoing and proposed research.

Cost studies are also developed to determine the projected cost of different methods of processing new and existing agricultural products. These models support programs throughout ARS and are also used by ARS engineers and scientists to help predict the economic impact of their research

Biofuels Research

ARS is engaged in a program to reduce the overall cost of producing biofuels. To support this research, models have been developed that describe in detail the ethanol and biodiesel production process and the cost associated with them. These models are based on information provided by biofuels producers, plant designers, and other industry experts and reflect current production practices and are used by ARS engineers and scientist in determining the economic consequences of studied process.

Biofuel, Process and Cost Models Available from ARS


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Senior Scientists

Michael Kurantz, 215-233-6451
mkurantz@errc.ars.usda.gov

Support Staff

Robyn Moten, 215-233-6510
rmoten@errc.ars.usda.gov

 
 

4.  Analytical Laboratory

Mission

The analytical laboratory provides support for pilot plant scale research programs by analyzing and reporting data obtained from samples generated by researchers investigating new processes/products derived from agricultural commodities.

Laboratory Capabilities/Instrumentation

Photo of Mike Kurantz and Robyn Moten

Chromatography

HPLC

  • 3 liquid chromatographs
  • Detector configurations include, Ultraviolet, Visible, Refractive Index and Conductivity

GC

  • 1 capillary gas chromatograph with a flame ionization detector

TLC

  • Quantitative thin-layer chromatography using an automated thin-layer sampler coupled with a TLC scanner that detects in the visual, ultraviolet or fluorescent mode.

Spectroscopy

  • UV/VIS spectrophotometer
  • Fluorometer
  • Atomic Absorption Spectrometer

Elemental Analysis

  • Nitrogen/Protein pyrolysis type analyzer
  • Kjeldahl digestion and distillation apparatus for nitrogen/protein analysis

Current Research Programs Support by the Analytical Laboratory

  • Conversion of corn to fuel ethanol
  • Processes for the extraction and purification of corn proteins (zein and glutelin)
  • Enzymatic wet milling of corn
  • Conversion of corn fiber to ethanol
  • Barley as a substrate for fuel ethanol

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Updated: September 12, 2005